京东评论数据分析,
这篇文章主要介绍了大蟒爬取京东商品信息评论存并进MySQL，文章通过构建关系型数据库数据表展开大蟒爬取信息存进关系型数据库的内容，需要的小伙伴可以参考一下
目录
构建关系型数据库数据表第一版：第二版：第三版：
构建mysql数据表
问题：使用结构化查询语言炼金术时，非主键不能设置为自增长，但是我想让这个非主键仅仅是为了作为索引，自动增量=真无效，该怎么实现让它自增长呢？
从关系导入字符串、整数、文本、列
从关系导入创建引擎
从sqlalchemy.orm导入会话标记
从sqlalchemy.orm导入作用域_会话
从sqlalchemy。延伸文件系统声明性导入declarative _ base
引擎=创建引擎（
MySQL pymysql ://root : root @ 127。0 .0 .1:3306/JD爬虫？charset=utf8 ，
pool_size=200，
max_overflow=300，
回声=假
)
BASE=declarative_base() #实例化
类别商品（基础):
__tablename__=商品
id=Column(Integer()，primary_key=True，autoincrement=True)
sku_id=Column(String(200)，primary_key=True，autoincrement=False)
name=Column(String(200))
价格=列（字符串(200))
comments _ num=列(整数)
shop=Column(String(200))
link=Column(String(200))
班级评语（基础):
__tablename__=注释
id=Column(Integer()，primary_key=True，autoincrement=True，nullable=False)
sku_id=Column(String(200)，primary_key=True，autoincrement=False)
注释=列(Text())
BASE.metadata.create_all(引擎)
Session=sessionmaker(引擎)
sess_db=scoped_session(Session)
第一版：
问题：爬取几页评论后就会爬取到空白页，添加参考后依旧如此
尝试解决方法：将获取评论地方的线程池改为单线程，并每获取一页评论增加延时1s
# 不能爬太快！不然获取不到评论
从bs4导入美丽的声音
导入请求
从人人贷导入解析
导入csv、json、re
导入线程池
导入时间
从jd_mysqldb导入商品，评论，sess_db
标题={
用户代理“:”Mozilla/5.0(Windows NT 10.0；win 64x 64)apple WebKit/537.36(KHTML，像壁虎一样)Chrome/86。0 .4240 .198 Safari/537.36英尺，
Cookie : _ _ jdv=76161171 百度-有机 % E4 % BA % AC % E4 % B8 % 9C 1613711947911；_ _ jdu=16137119479101182770449 areaid=7；ipLoc-djd=7-458-466-0；PCSYCityID=CN _ 410000 _ 0 _ 0 shshshfpa=07383463-032 f-3f 99-9d 40-639 cb5
7c6e28-1613711950; shshshfpb=u8S9UvxK66gfIbM1mUNrIOg%3D%3D; user-key=153f6b4d-0704-4e56-82b6-8646f3f0dad4; cn=0; shshshfp=9a88944b34cb0ff3631a0a95907b75eb; __jdc=122270672; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=SEELVNXBPU7OAA3UX5JTKR5LQADM5YFJRKY23Z6HDBU4OT2NWYGX525CKFFVHTRDJ7Q5DJRMRZQIQJOW5GVBY43XVI; jwotest_product=99; __jda=122270672.16137119479101182770449.1613711948.1613738165.1613748918.4; JSESSIONID=C06EC8D2E9384D2628AE22B1A6F9F8FC.s1; shshshsID=ab2ca3143928b1b01f6c5b71a15fcebe_5_1613750374847; __jdb=122270672.5.161371194791011827704494.1613748918,
Referer: https://www.jd.com/
}
num=0 # 商品数量
comments_num=0 # 评论数量
# 获取商品信息和SkuId
def getIndex(url):
session=requests.Session()
session.headers=headers
global num
res=session.get(url,headers=headers)
print(res.status_code)
res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,lxml)
items=soup.select(li.gl-item)
for item in items[:3]: # 爬取3个商品测试
title=item.select_one(.p-name a em).text.strip().replace( ,)
price=item.select_one(.p-price strong).text.strip().replace(￥,)
try:
shop=item.select_one(.p-shopnum a).text.strip() # 获取书籍时查找店铺的方法
except:
shop=item.select_one(.p-shop a).text.strip() # 获取其他商品时查找店铺的方法
link=parse.urljoin(https://,item.select_one(.p-img a).get(href))
SkuId=re.search(\d+,link).group()
comments_num=getCommentsNum(SkuId,session)
print(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num)
print("开始存入数据库...")
try:
IntoGoods(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
sess_db.rollback()
num += 1
print("正在获取评论...")
# 获取评论总页数
url1 = fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page=0&pageSize=10
headers[Referer] = fhttps://item.jd.com/{SkuId}.html
headers[Connection]=keep-alive
res2 = session.get(url1,headers=headers)
res2.encoding = res2.apparent_encoding
json_data = json.loads(res2.text)
max_page = json_data[maxPage] # 经测试最多可获取100页评论，每页10条
args = []
for i in range(0, max_page):
# 使用此链接获取评论得到的为json格式
url2 = fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page={i}&pageSize=10
# 使用此链接获取评论得到的非json格式，需要提取
# url2_2=fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?callback=jQuery9287224&productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page={i}&pageSize=10
args.append(([session,SkuId,url2], None))
pool2 = threadpool.ThreadPool(2) # 2个线程
reque2 = threadpool.makeRequests(getComments,args) # 创建任务
for r in reque2:
pool2.putRequest(r) # 提交任务到线程池
pool2.wait()
# 获取评论总数量
def getCommentsNum(SkuId,sess):
headers[Referer]=fhttps://item.jd.com/{SkuId}.html
url=fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productCommentSummaries.action?referenceIds={SkuId}
res=sess.get(url,headers=headers)
try:
res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding
json_data=json.loads(res.text) # json格式转为字典
num=json_data[CommentsCount][0][CommentCount]
return num
except:
return Error
# 获取评论
def getComments(sess,SkuId,url2):
global comments_num
print(url2)
headers[Referer] = fhttps://item.jd.com/{SkuId}.html
res2 = sess.get(url2,headers=headers)
res2.encoding=gbk
json_data=res2.text
# 如果用url2_2需要进行如下操作提取json
start = res2.text.find(jQuery9287224() + len(jQuery9287224()
end = res2.text.find();)
json_data=res2.text[start:end]
dict_data = json.loads(json_data)
try:
comments=dict_data[comments]
for item in comments:
comment=item[content].replace(\n,)
# print(comment)
comments_num+=1
try:
IntoComments(SkuId,comment)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
sess_db.rollback()
except:
pass
# 商品信息入库
def IntoGoods(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num):
goods_data=Goods(
sku_id=SkuId,
name=title,
price=price,
comments_num=comments_num,
shop=shop,
link=link
)
sess_db.add(goods_data)
sess_db.commit()
# 评论入库
def IntoComments(SkuId,comment):
comments_data=Comments(
sku_id=SkuId,
comments=comment
)
sess_db.add(comments_data)
sess_db.commit()
if __name__ == __main__:
start_time=time.time()
urls=[]
KEYWORD=parse.quote(input("请输入要查询的关键词："))
for i in range(1,2): # 爬取一页进行测试
url=fhttps://search.jd.com/Search?keyword={KEYWORD}&wq={KEYWORD}&page={i}
urls.append(([url,],None)) # threadpool要求必须这样写
pool=threadpool.ThreadPool(2) # 2个线程的线程池
reque=threadpool.makeRequests(getIndex,urls) # 创建任务
for r in reque:
pool.putRequest(r) # 向线程池提交任务
pool.wait() # 等待所有任务执行完毕
print("共获取{}件商品，获得{}条评论，耗时{}".format(num,comments_num,time.time()-start_time))
第二版：
经测试，的确不会出现空白页的情况
进一步优化：同时获取2个以上商品的评论
# 不能爬太快！！！不然获取不到评论from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from urllib import parse
import csv,json,re
import threadpool
import time
from jd_mysqldb import Goods,Comments,sess_db
headers={
user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36,
Cookie: __jdv=76161171baidu-organic%25E4%25BA%25AC%25E4%25B8%259C1613711947911; __jdu=16137119479101182770449; areaId=7; ipLoc-djd=7-458-466-0; PCSYCityID=CN_410000_0_0; shshshfpa=07383463-032f-3f99-9d40-639cb57c6e28-1613711950; shshshfpb=u8S9UvxK66gfIbM1mUNrIOg%3D%3D; user-key=153f6b4d-0704-4e56-82b6-8646f3f0dad4; cn=0; shshshfp=9a88944b34cb0ff3631a0a95907b75eb; __jdc=122270672; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=SEELVNXBPU7OAA3UX5JTKR5LQADM5YFJRKY23Z6HDBU4OT2NWYGX525CKFFVHTRDJ7Q5DJRMRZQIQJOW5GVBY43XVI; jwotest_product=99; __jda=122270672.16137119479101182770449.1613711948.1613738165.1613748918.4; JSESSIONID=C06EC8D2E9384D2628AE22B1A6F9F8FC.s1; shshshsID=ab2ca3143928b1b01f6c5b71a15fcebe_5_1613750374847; __jdb=122270672.5.161371194791011827704494.1613748918,
Referer: https://www.jd.com/
}
num=0 # 商品数量
comments_num=0 # 评论数量
# 获取商品信息和SkuId
def getIndex(url):
session=requests.Session()
session.headers=headers
global num
res=session.get(url,headers=headers)
print(res.status_code)
res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,lxml)
items=soup.select(li.gl-item)
for item in items[:2]: # 爬取2个商品测试
title=item.select_one(.p-name a em).text.strip().replace( ,)
price=item.select_one(.p-price strong).text.strip().replace(￥,)
try:
shop=item.select_one(.p-shopnum a).text.strip() # 获取书籍时查找店铺的方法
except:
shop=item.select_one(.p-shop a).text.strip() # 获取其他商品时查找店铺的方法
link=parse.urljoin(https://,item.select_one(.p-img a).get(href))
SkuId=re.search(\d+,link).group()
headers[Referer] = fhttps://item.jd.com/{SkuId}.html
headers[Connection] = keep-alive
comments_num=getCommentsNum(SkuId,session)
print(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num)
print("开始将商品存入数据库...")
try:
IntoGoods(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
sess_db.rollback()
num += 1
print("正在获取评论...")
# 获取评论总页数
url1 = fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page=0&pageSize=10
res2 = session.get(url1,headers=headers)
res2.encoding = res2.apparent_encoding
json_data = json.loads(res2.text)
max_page = json_data[maxPage] # 经测试最多可获取100页评论，每页10条
print("{}评论共{}页".format(SkuId,max_page))
if max_page==0:
IntoComments(SkuId,0)
else:
for i in range(0, max_page):
# 使用此链接获取评论得到的为json格式
url2 = fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page={i}&pageSize=10
# 使用此链接获取评论得到的非json格式，需要提取
# url2_2=fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?callback=jQuery9287224&productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page={i}&pageSize=10
print("开始获取第{}页评论:{}".format(i+1,url2) )
getComments(session,SkuId,url2)
time.sleep(1)
# 获取评论总数量
def getCommentsNum(SkuId,sess):
url=fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productCommentSummaries.action?referenceIds={SkuId}
res=sess.get(url)
try:
res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding
json_data=json.loads(res.text) # json格式转为字典
num=json_data[CommentsCount][0][CommentCount]
return num
except:
return Error
# 获取评论
def getComments(sess,SkuId,url2):
global comments_num
res2 = sess.get(url2)
res2.encoding=res2.apparent_encoding
json_data=res2.text
# 如果用url2_2需要进行如下操作提取json
start = res2.text.find(jQuery9287224() + len(jQuery9287224()
end = res2.text.find();)
json_data=res2.text[start:end]
dict_data = json.loads(json_data)
comments=dict_data[comments]
for item in comments:
comment=item[content].replace(\n,)
# print(comment)
comments_num+=1
try:
IntoComments(SkuId,comment)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
sess_db.rollback()
# 商品信息入库
def IntoGoods(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num):
goods_data=Goods(
sku_id=SkuId,
name=title,
price=price,
comments_num=comments_num,
shop=shop,
link=link
)
sess_db.add(goods_data)
sess_db.commit()
# 评论入库
def IntoComments(SkuId,comment):
comments_data=Comments(
sku_id=SkuId,
comments=comment
)
sess_db.add(comments_data)
sess_db.commit()
if __name__ == __main__:
start_time=time.time()
urls=[]
KEYWORD=parse.quote(input("请输入要查询的关键词："))
for i in range(1,2): # 爬取一页进行测试
url=fhttps://search.jd.com/Search?keyword={KEYWORD}&wq={KEYWORD}&page={i}
urls.append(([url,],None)) # threadpool要求必须这样写
pool=threadpool.ThreadPool(2) # 2个线程的线程池
reque=threadpool.makeRequests(getIndex,urls) # 创建任务
for r in reque:
pool.putRequest(r) # 向线程池提交任务
pool.wait() # 等待所有任务执行完毕
print("共获取{}件商品，获得{}条评论，耗时{}".format(num,comments_num,time.time()-start_time))
第三版：
。。。。不行，又出现空白页了
# 不能爬太快！！！不然获取不到评论from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from urllib import parse
import csv,json,re
import threadpool
import time
from jd_mysqldb import Goods,Comments,sess_db
headers={
user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36,
Cookie: __jdv=76161171baidu-organic%25E4%25BA%25AC%25E4%25B8%259C1613711947911; __jdu=16137119479101182770449; areaId=7; ipLoc-djd=7-458-466-0; PCSYCityID=CN_410000_0_0; shshshfpa=07383463-032f-3f99-9d40-639cb57c6e28-1613711950; shshshfpb=u8S9UvxK66gfIbM1mUNrIOg%3D%3D; user-key=153f6b4d-0704-4e56-82b6-8646f3f0dad4; cn=0; shshshfp=9a88944b34cb0ff3631a0a95907b75eb; __jdc=122270672; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=SEELVNXBPU7OAA3UX5JTKR5LQADM5YFJRKY23Z6HDBU4OT2NWYGX525CKFFVHTRDJ7Q5DJRMRZQIQJOW5GVBY43XVI; jwotest_product=99; __jda=122270672.16137119479101182770449.1613711948.1613738165.1613748918.4; JSESSIONID=C06EC8D2E9384D2628AE22B1A6F9F8FC.s1; shshshsID=ab2ca3143928b1b01f6c5b71a15fcebe_5_1613750374847; __jdb=122270672.5.161371194791011827704494.1613748918,
Referer: https://www.jd.com/
}
num=0 # 商品数量
comments_num=0 # 评论数量
# 获取商品信息和SkuId
def getIndex(url):
global num
skuids=[]
session=requests.Session()
session.headers=headers
res=session.get(url,headers=headers)
print(res.status_code)
res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,lxml)
items=soup.select(li.gl-item)
for item in items[:3]: # 爬取3个商品测试
title=item.select_one(.p-name a em).text.strip().replace( ,)
price=item.select_one(.p-price strong).text.strip().replace(￥,)
try:
shop=item.select_one(.p-shopnum a).text.strip() # 获取书籍时查找店铺的方法
except:
shop=item.select_one(.p-shop a).text.strip() # 获取其他商品时查找店铺的方法
link=parse.urljoin(https://,item.select_one(.p-img a).get(href))
SkuId=re.search(\d+,link).group()
skuids.append(([SkuId,session],None))
headers[Referer] = fhttps://item.jd.com/{SkuId}.html
headers[Connection] = keep-alive
comments_num=getCommentsNum(SkuId,session) # 评论数量
print(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num)
print("开始将商品存入数据库...")
try:
IntoGoods(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
sess_db.rollback()
num += 1
print("开始获取评论并存入数据库...")
pool2=threadpool.ThreadPool(3) # 可同时获取3个商品的评论
task=threadpool.makeRequests(getComments,skuids)
for r in task:
pool2.putRequest(r)
pool2.wait()
# 获取评论
def getComments(SkuId,sess):
# 获取评论总页数
url1 = fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page=0&pageSize=10
res2 = sess.get(url1, headers=headers)
res2.encoding = res2.apparent_encoding
json_data = json.loads(res2.text)
max_page = json_data[maxPage] # 经测试最多可获取100页评论，每页10条
print("{}评论共{}页".format(SkuId, max_page))
if max_page == 0:
IntoComments(SkuId, 0)
else:
for i in range(0, max_page):
# 使用此链接获取评论得到的为json格式
url2 = fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page={i}&pageSize=10
# 使用此链接获取评论得到的非json格式，需要提取
# url2_2=fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?callback=jQuery9287224&productId={SkuId}&score=0&sortType=5&page={i}&pageSize=10
print("开始获取第{}页评论:{}".format(i + 1, url2))
getComments_one(sess, SkuId, url2)
time.sleep(1)
# 获取评论总数量
def getCommentsNum(SkuId,sess):
url=fhttps://club.jd.com/comment/productCommentSummaries.action?referenceIds={SkuId}
res=sess.get(url)
try:
res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding
json_data=json.loads(res.text) # json格式转为字典
num=json_data[CommentsCount][0][CommentCount]
return num
except:
return Error
# 获取单个评论
def getComments_one(sess,SkuId,url2):
global comments_num
res2 = sess.get(url2)
res2.encoding=res2.apparent_encoding
json_data=res2.text
# 如果用url2_2需要进行如下操作提取json
start = res2.text.find(jQuery9287224() + len(jQuery9287224()
end = res2.text.find();)
json_data=res2.text[start:end]
dict_data = json.loads(json_data)
comments=dict_data[comments]
for item in comments:
comment=item[content].replace(\n,)
# print(comment)
comments_num+=1
try:
IntoComments(SkuId,comment)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print("rollback！")
sess_db.rollback()
# 商品信息入库
def IntoGoods(SkuId,title, price, shop, link, comments_num):
goods_data=Goods(
sku_id=SkuId,
name=title,
price=price,
comments_num=comments_num,
shop=shop,
link=link
)
sess_db.add(goods_data)
sess_db.commit()
# 评论入库
def IntoComments(SkuId,comment):
comments_data=Comments(
sku_id=SkuId,
comments=comment
)
sess_db.add(comments_data)
sess_db.commit()
if __name__ == __main__:
start_time=time.time()
urls=[]
KEYWORD=parse.quote(input("请输入要查询的关键词："))
for i in range(1,2): # 爬取一页进行测试
url=fhttps://search.jd.com/Search?keyword={KEYWORD}&wq={KEYWORD}&page={i}
urls.append(([url,],None)) # threadpool要求必须这样写
pool=threadpool.ThreadPool(2) # 2个线程的线程池
reque=threadpool.makeRequests(getIndex,urls) # 创建任务
for r in reque:
pool.putRequest(r) # 向线程池提交任务
pool.wait() # 等待所有任务执行完毕
print("共获取{}件商品，获得{}条评论，耗时{}".format(num,comments_num,time.time()-start_time))
总结：
京东的反爬有点强，如果不想爬取到空白页，只能用单线程加延时一条一条的爬
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